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31.
T. J. Greytak D. Kleppner D. G. Fried T. C. Killian L. Willmann D. Landhuis S. C. Moss 《Physica B: Condensed Matter》2000,280(1-4):20-26
The addition of atomic hydrogen to the set of gases in which Bose–Einstein condensation can be observed expands the range of parameters over which this remarkable phenomenon can be studied. Hydrogen, with the lowest atomic mass, has the highest transition temperature, 50 μK in our experiments. The very weak interaction between the atoms results in a high ratio of the condensate to normal gas densities, even at modest condensate fractions. Using cryogenic rather than laser precooling generates large condensates. Finally, two-photon spectroscopy is introduced as a versatile probe of the phase transition: condensation in real space is manifested by the appearance of a high-density component in the gas, condensation in momentum space is readily apparent in the momentum distribution, and the phase transition line can be delineated by following the evolution of the density of the normal component. 相似文献
32.
In this work we demonstrate that non-symmetrically substituted phthalo-naphthalocyanine molecule can have extremely large 2PA cross section in near-resonance conditions of excitation. We also show the possibility to switch between its two tautomeric forms upon two-photon excitation at 77 K. By measuring 2PA cross section, quantum efficiency of transformation in these two forms, as well as quantum yield of fluorescence, we evaluate the figure of merit for fast re-writable 3D information storage and show that this figure meets the criteria of reliable and fast (one bit per one femtosecond pulse) 2PA writing or reading. 相似文献
33.
用光电子成像技术研究了Cu-的飞秒双光子光脱附过程.光脱附产生的光电子能量分布和角度分布通过光电子成像直接获得.实验发现,在光强为6.0×1010 W/cm2下,双光子光脱附通道的光电子角度分布随激光波长出现剧烈的变化.通过低阶微扰理论和实验结果对比分析,Cu-的双光子脱附产生的光电子角度分布特征可以归结于脱附过程中Cu-的s和d轨道波函数之间的干涉效应.通过分析光电子角度分布特征,获得了不同波长下s和d轨道波函数对双光子脱附过程的贡献,该结果符合Wigner阈值理论的预期. 相似文献
34.
Determination of the surface states from the ultrafast electronic states in a thermoelectric material 下载免费PDF全文
We reveal the electronic structure in Yb Cd2Sb2,a thermoelectric material,by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy(ARPES)and time-resolved ARPES(tr ARPES).Specifically,three bulk bands at the vicinity of the Fermi level are evidenced near the Brillouin zone center,consistent with the density functional theory(DFT)calculation.It is interesting that the spin-unpolarized bulk bands respond unexpectedly to right-and left-handed circularly polarized probe.In addition,a hole band of surface states,which is not sensitive to the polarization of the probe beam and is not expected from the DFT calculation,is identified.We find that the non-equilibrium quasiparticle recovery rate is much smaller in the surface states than that of the bulk states.Our results demonstrate that the surface states can be distinguished from the bulk ones from a view of time scale in the nonequilibrium physics. 相似文献
35.
PHOTOCHROMISM AND LUMINESCENCE OF DOPANT CHROMOPHORES THROUGH TWO-PHOTON IONIZATION IN POLYMER FILMS
Two-photon ionization and recombination processes of an aromatic chromophore doped in polymer films werestudied and the features of these processes were discussed in relation to photofunctional polymers, An aromatic moleculehaving low ionization potential, e.g., N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-p-phenylene diamine doped in poly(methyl methacrylate)(PMMA) film was easily photoionized by intense laser ligh excitation, giving a colored radical cation (photochromism) anda trapped electron in PMMA matrix. As a reversed process, the radical cation recombined with the trapped electron, showingdiscoloration and emitting luminescence, either isothermal luminescence (ITL), or thermoluminescence (TL). In this report,ITL and TL through the charge recombination process were studied and the luminescence was suggested as a mean of the read-out of photorecording. 相似文献
36.
采用DFT/BLYP方法对NbC(001)和(111)面的电子结构进行研究。计算结果表明,对于NbC(001)表面,其表面态主要集中于费米能级(EF)下方约4.5eV附近区域,并以表面Nb原子和C原子为主要成分。O2分子在该表面吸附时,趋向于吸附在表面Nb原子上。对于NbC(111)表面,其表面态集中在EF下方0.02.0eV区域,靠近EF的态具有较高的表面活性,其主要成分为表面Nb原子的4dxz/dyz成分。上述结论与光电子能谱实验结果基本一致;但由于金属原子d电子数的差异导致NbC(111)表面态成分与类似的TiC化合物并不相同。 相似文献
37.
Guangyong Zhou Xiaomei Wang Dong Wang Chun Wang Zongshu Shao Qi Fang Minhua Jiang 《Optics Communications》2001,190(1-6):345-349
Trans-4-[p-(pyrrolidinyl)styryl]-N-methylpyridinium iodide (abbreviated as PSPI thereafter) is a two-photon absorption (TPA) dye newly synthesized by our research group. It possesses much larger TPA cross-section and much stronger upconversion fluorescence emission than those of common organic dye (such as rhodamine) when excited with near infrared (IR) radiation. TPA spectrum and upconversion efficiency spectrum of HEASPI solution at various wavelengths were measured. There is 34 nm blue shift for the central wavelength of the TPA induced absorption peak compared with two times of the linear absorption peak. The biggest molecular TPA cross-section σ2′ is 2.85×10−47 cm4 s/photon at 930 nm. At 1064 nm, σ2′ is 3.12×10−48 cm4 s/photon. The highest efficiency is 3.9% at 1010 nm, whereas 2.9% at 1064 nm. Its optical power limiting properties at 930 nm have also been illustrated. 相似文献
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40.
Bettina Immitzer Christoph Etzlstorfer Roland A. Obermüller Max Sonnleitner Gerhard J. Schütz Heinz Falk 《Monatshefte für Chemie / Chemical Monthly》2000,131(10):1039-1045
Summary. Using simultaneous two-photon excitation of fringelite D and a fluorescence indicator embedded in a vesicle system it was
demonstrated that after excitation a proton was transferred from the pigment to the indicator similarly as recently documented
for hypericin. Semiempirical AM1 calculations were used to show that the radical species formed by electron transfer from
the excited pigment state constitutes an acid which is therefore well suited for intermolecular proton transfer. Accordingly,
this process constitutes a suited candidate for the primary photoprocess in the signal transduction cascade of the photosensory
pigments of the stentorin and blepharismin type.
Received April 26, 2000. Accepted May 16, 2000 相似文献